Photography is one of the most powerful forms of art. It allows us to capture memories, tell stories, and express emotions through images. At the core of every photograph, there is a subject matter, the main theme or focus within the image. But what does it really mean by subject matter, and why is it such an important element in photography? It is time to explore this important foundation of visual storytelling.
Also read about the role of VFX in visual storytelling.
What is Photography?
It can be defined as the art and science of taking, conserving, and capturing moments. The essence of photography mainly lies in the production of images through light recording or other electromagnetic radiation. The photographs produced can be stored on different media or displayed digitally.
What is Subject Matter?
The subject matter in a photograph is the core element or elements that are the focus of the image. It defines what a photographer wants to highlight and what the viewer’s eye catches from the photograph. It is actually what a photo is all about. Whether it’s a human, a landscape, a still life, or an abstract concept, the subject matter literally determines the composition, mood, and message of the photograph.
Types of Subject Matter
There are different types of photography subjects, and each subject matter serves a different purpose. Here are the common types of subject matter:
Portraits:
Definition:
This refers to capturing individuals or groups while emphasizing their appearance, expressions, and personalities. It can range from official studio portraits to highly candid shots.
Importance:
A good portrait can be made to show character and emotion. It should convey information about the personality, mood, and social status of a person. Lighting, background, and gesture are such components that strongly affect the perception of a person and their storytelling.
Landscapes:
Definition:
Landscape photography involves capturing natural scenes; it could be mountains, forests, beaches, or even cities. It could involve general views or individual details of nature’s elements.
Importance:
The main essence of landscape photography is to show the beauty and magnanimity of nature or other natural environments. Landscapes are used to express a sense of place, wonder, or tranquility. Photography techniques such as the rule of thirds, golden light hour, and leading lines are usually used for landscape shots and scenes for better appearance and effect.
Still Life:
Definition:
Still-life photography is the process of arranging inanimate objects to create beautiful compositions. This could range from a simple bowl of fruit to a collection of objects like flowers, fresh or steaming vegetables, or highly elaborate set-ups.
Importance:
Still-life photography deals with composition, light, and texture. It allows photographers to create innovative forms, colors, and lights. The artist can take ordinary objects and make them interesting visual stories by carefully arranging them and finding angles that bring out the best image.
Abstract:
Definition:
Abstract photography doesn’t represent reality—it represents shape, color, pattern, or form. It shows the ability of a photographer to see things from different perspectives and highlights the creative vision of the photographer.
Importance:
This allows the viewer to respond to abstract photography on a completely visual and emotional level. It opens the door to creative communication and art based on individual interpretation. It often draws on the creativity of the photographer due to his vision and curious way of seeing the world.
Documentary:
Definition:
Documentary photography captures real-life events, people, or social issues meant to inform or provoke thoughts. It presents subjects, usually in an unposed or realistic manner.
Importance:
It is important to note that documentary photography has become a tool for storytelling and social commentary. This could bring critical issues to attention, be a source of insight into other cultures or communities, and document historical events. In this context, the authenticity and context of the subject matter are crucial for effectively communicating the photographer’s intent and the impact of the image.
Why Does Subject Matter Matters?
A photography subject defines what should be highlighted in the photo and what should capture the viewer’s attention. Here are four main reasons why the subject matters:
1. Defines the Story
The subject matter of a photograph defines what and how a story will be told. It provides direction to the storytelling, things that should capture viewers attention, and what should be highlighted. For example, the subject of a photo taken within a packed marketplace is hustling activity, which will suggest a feel of energy and community in the frame.
2. Influences Composition
The selection of subject matter influences the composition of the shot. It determines framing, perspective, and how elements in the frame will be arranged. For example, while taking a landscape photo, a simple decision about the placement of the horizon line and the inclusion of foreground elements can impact the composition and overall image.
3. Emotions
Different subject matter can evoke different feelings or reactions in the viewer. For example, a photo of a laughing child can give one a feeling of happiness or warmth. However, a picture in black and white that captures an empty street can make one feel a great sense of loneliness or sadness. Subject matter is the prime factor in evoking an emotional response.
4. Communicates Message
The message, or intent, of the photographer is communicated through the subject matter. Whether your goal is to capture beauty, evoke thought, or capture reality, subject matter plays an important role in conveying the intent of your message. For instance, an image of an environmental protest can show the issue of climate change, presenting itself as food for thought or action.
A famous photographer, W. Eugene Smith, said, “Photography is a small voice at best, but sometimes one photograph, or a group of them, can lure our sense of awareness.”
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Select the Right Subject
A good subject-matter choice takes a mix of creativity and intention. Some tips to select the best are:
Know Your Purpose:
First, ask yourself: What are you going to do with this picture? Do you want to document an event? Or do you want to capture beauty or convey an important message? Defining your purpose will help you choose the subject matter that aligns with your goals. Hence, enhance the message you want to communicate.
Explore Perspective
Try out various perspectives and compositions to find the most interesting way to portray your subject. Angles and focal points in photography have a strong impact on the final image. Changing your point of view, camera angle, or distance from the subject will show new ways and make the image more engaging.
Sensitivity to Lighting
The lighting and focal point in photography can dramatically alter the subject. Highlight the features and mood of your subject using the light (be it artificial or natural). Change the position or angle to enhance the features. For example, soft, diffused light may cast a gentle, flattering effect, whereas dramatic, high-contrast lighting may add intensity, emphasis, and depth.
Make It Simple
Sometimes less is more. A clear and concise topic that is not overly crowded will have a much greater visual impact. Simplify your composition by removing unnecessary elements and drawing attention to the core subject.
Conclusion
The subject matter of a photograph is the basis of the picture. It guides the viewer’s focus and shapes the story told through the image. Good lighting will create the mood and clarity of the image and outline textures to create an atmosphere. Further, multiple angles and perspectives can change the whole presentation of your subject and add more depth and interest to your composition. A strong focal point in photography will lead the viewer’s attention to what’s important in your picture. All of these combined elements will work together to tell a richly visual story, thus conveying your artistic vision. Being aware of and consciously deciding on your subject matter will lead to improved photography and much more compelling and powerful images. So the next time you pick up your camera, think about what your subject matter is and how you can best capture its essence. Happy shooting!
